Embedded systems are specialized computing systems designed to perform specific functions within a larger system or device. They are usually dedicated to a single task and are integrated into a larger hardware system, often with real-time constraints and limited resources such as memory, processing power, and energy. These systems can be found in a wide range of applications, including consumer electronics, automotive systems, industrial control systems, medical devices, and more. Designing and developing embedded systems involve a combination of hardware and software engineering, with a strong emphasis on optimizing performance, power consumption, and reliability. Research in embedded systems focuses on developing new technologies, algorithms, and methodologies to improve the performance, efficiency, and security of these systems. This includes areas such as real-time operating systems, low-power design, hardware-software co-design, communication protocols, and system optimization techniques. Researchers in this field aim to create innovative solutions to address the unique challenges posed by embedded systems and drive advancements in various industries.